1. Analysis of factors affecting personnel
Due to the important position of people in transportation work, human factors play a key role in transportation safety. People who affect railway transportation safety include people in the transportation system and people outside the transportation system.
People in the transportation system mainly refer to leaders, full-time managers and grassroots staff at all levels of departments such as vehicle maintenance, locomotive maintenance, engineering maintenance, electrical maintenance, vehicles, safety supervision, passenger transportation, and freight transportation. They are the most critical factors to ensure transportation safety and should have good ideological quality, technical level and psychological quality.
People outside the transportation system mainly refer to passengers, cargo owners, residents along the railway, motor vehicle drivers, etc. Their impact on transportation safety is mainly manifested in: passengers carrying "three products" on the train and causing accidents; cargo owners consigning dangerous goods without truthful declaration leading to accidents; at the railway-highway level crossing, vehicles and pedestrians forced to cross the aisle and caused accidents; people along the railway dismantling railway equipment and placing obstacles on the line threaten railway transportation safety.
2. Analysis of equipment factors
Railway transportation equipment is another important factor affecting transportation safety. Railway transportation equipment that affects transportation safety includes two types: transportation infrastructure equipment and transportation safety technical equipment.
Transportation infrastructure equipment includes lines (roadbed, bridge and tunnel structures, tracks), stations, signal equipment, locomotives, vehicles, communication equipment, etc.; transportation safety technical equipment includes safety monitoring equipment, detection equipment, natural disaster forecasting and prevention equipment, accident rescue equipment, etc.
Railway transportation accidents can be divided into five levels according to their nature and the losses caused, namely, extremely serious accidents, serious accidents, major accidents, dangerous accidents and general accidents. Typical railway transportation accidents include locomotive and vehicle collision derailment accidents, locomotive and vehicle injury accidents, electric shock injury accidents on electrified railways, and operating line construction accidents.
